Biological monitoring is a way of assessing chemical exposures by measuring the chemical or its breakdown products in a biological sample (usually urine, blood or breath). Biological monitoring is particularly useful where chemicals can be significantly absorbed through the skin and where controls rely upon the use of personal protective equipment, such as gloves and masks.
Why do biological monitoring?
Biological monitoring has a number of roles in exposure assessment. Our case studies illustrate some of the situations where it has been useful.
- To check that control measures are working
- To check that work practices are protective
- To check that training is understood and followed.
Starting out
There are a number of simple things that need to be considered before starting a biological monitoring programme including defining the sampling protocol, consulting the workers, managing the results and deciding how the results will be acted on. HSE offers free guidance on setting up a biological monitoring workplace scheme. HSE Science and Research Centre can also help you - we run a half-day training course on biological monitoring or contact us for further information.
- HSE guidance. Guidance is also available from BOHS and OECD.
- HSE Science and Research Centre training
- Informed Consent and Data Protection
Ordering sampling kits
All HSE biological monitoring tests include bottles, packaging and return UK postage in the price of analysis. Sample kits can be ordered by contacting Sample Registration (telephone: 0203 028 3383 or email: registration.sample@hse.gov.uk). Some kits can also be ordered on this website.
Interpreting results and taking Action
Once you have received your results, you then need to review them and decide whether any further action is required. There are guidance values set by HSE and others to help put your results into perspective. You also need to tell the individual workers who provided samples their own result. Remember that the results are sensitive personal data and should only be shared with others according to the consent agreed by the worker.
Bespoke services
As well as our standard tests we are also able to offer bespoke analysis and undertake research projects. Biological monitoring can be used to assess both occupational and environmental chemical exposures; globally, biological monitoring is being widely used in publis health.If you would like to discuss a specific requirement, please contact Sample Registration.